Posted: February 26th, 2023

STUDENT RESPONSES WEEK 1

 READ THESE three student responses to the original question

you need to answer each student SEPERATELY – this is for discussion participation credit-

just give your opinion- per student- did you like what they posted and why or did you not agree and why but this is purely your opinion with a reference for EACH SEPERATE STUDENT RESPONSE

Topic 1 DQ 1

Feb 9-11, 2023

Recall the GCU core qualitative research designs presented in a previous research course. What are the different sources of data that could be used in each of the GCU core qualitative research designs? What types of data can be gathered from these sources? Explain.

STUDENT RESPONSES

Juan

Recalling qualitative research design data sources in previous research course include semi-interview questions, open ended questions, and focus groups. Within these data collection designs can be different data analysis such as Thematic Analysis, identifying an inductive, or deductive approach. Thematic analysis is used to identify and report patterns (Braun, 2006). Moreover, thematic analysis is used to determine data’s coding, category and themes. By applying thematic data analysis, a researcher can determine patterns from real experiences collected from qualitative designs descriptive, phenomenology, and case study designs, and together using types of data that can be derived from thematic analysis are deductive and inductive, deductive is where a researcher uses preset codes, and inductive is where a researcher can create new codes to use according to data source (Peel, 2020). Therefore, data collection includes concepts framed from meaningful experiences of participants.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. 

https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

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Mel

There are five qualitative research designs utilized by GCU. Core designs approved by GCU include qualitative descriptive, phenomenology, qualitative case study, narrative, and grounded theory. For most qualitative research, the interview is a key data source. Semi-structured interviews are a common style of interview for data collection in qualitative research (Cypress, 2018). A common design at GCU is qualitative descriptive. This design explores the overall human experience and utilizes sources of data including interviews, archival documents, and observations to gain insight (Maul, 2015). Phenomenology often utilizes interviews to ascertain meaning from a phenomenon through first-hand experience. The analysis of interview data from the lived experience of participants can relay the truth of an experience (Huttunen & Kakkori, 2020). Nearly every source of qualitative data can be applied to a qualitative case study design. The research must pull a tremendous amount of data to achieve the richness of information needed to describe a phenomenon (Baxter & Jack, 2008). Narrative research designs seek to understand a phenomenon through stories. This design often utilizes interviews to gain insight into the purpose or significance of a phenomenon for participants (Maul, 2015). Grounded theory is less common due to the high levels of iterations to develop new understandings and theories about a phenomenon. Each possible data source is needed and applied through iterative stages to meet the saturation of data necessary to achieve an understanding of a new theory or model (Maul. 2015). Each data source can be common through each design. However, the intentions and epistemology vary.

Although each core design may utilize a variant of an interview, researchers should understand the level of depth required to gain insight. Interviewing is a skill that benefits from development. Data richness from interviews can come from the ability of the researcher to develop questions that elicit deep meaning and probe for deep meaning (Errasti‐Ibarrondo et al., 2018). This is similar to other sources of data such as focus groups, questionnaires, observations, and reviewing archival documents. 

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Jemel

GCU has general guidelines for data collection for qualitative research (GCU, 2022). These guidelines dictate ways in which doctoral students gather data needed for their dissertation research. The different types of data collection methods include in-depth interviews which are semi-structured, observations in focus groups, questionnaires, and archival data (GCU, 2022). The types of data that can be gathered from these methods varies depending on the technique. Merriam and Tisdell note that data consists of bits and pieces of information from individuals in their environment (2015). Furthermore, data collection is defined as the process of asking, watching, and reviewing information from individuals (Merriam & Tisdell, 2015). Individual accounts of their experiences through direct quotes, opinions, feelings and perceptions, are delivered through the various methods of data collection (Merriam & Tisdell, 2015). The doctoral student revises the collection of data and makes the decision on what is relevant, what is of interests, and which perspectives are most valuable for the current study (Merriam & Tisdell, 2015).

References

Grand Canyon University, College of Doctoral Studies. All rights reserved. Modified on 10/15/22. 

https://dc.gcu.edu/research/qualitative/sources_of_data

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